martes, 14 de octubre de 2014

Essays

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  1. Cloud computing

    As the technology advances, it brings changes in a lot of fields. New internet technologies, software and hardware are enablers of those changes. Cloud computing has had an important impact in business, productivity and entertainment areas creating new business models, new forms of delivering service, etc.

    The concept of Cloud computing relies in the basic idea of providing services to the customers whenever and wherever it is required. These services goes from infrastructures services through platform and software services.

    Infrastructure as a Service are those services where the infrastructure required to support operations. Platform as a Service provides the platform required to develop cloud applications and manage them. Software as a Service provides cloud applications, i.e., applications running on the web

    Cloud computing can be divided into three types of clouds:
    Public cloud: Resources such as storage, applications or data are available to all the public of in the internet.
    Private cloud: Offers the features of a public cloud but is implemented inside the firewall of a company.
    Hybrid cloud: Is an approach that combines both private and public clouds

    In order to conclude, Cloud computing offers a set of varieties to business and the general public, it provides new ways of doing business for companies, to reduce costs and create new services and products. Also give new options for the customers to choose different products and services based on their needs.

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  2. Busines planning

    One of the most important activities of a business is the establishment of the goals you want to achieve for a given period and the ways to achieve, these goals can be accomplished by performing a study of the environment of the company and through the experience of employees. All this is known as business planning.

    Hand in hand with business planning is the strategic planning, which consists of the implementation of plans to achieve the objectives, this is achieved through the guidance and guide employees from where you are to where you want to go. So you can determine what the possible effects that these plans will bring the fulfillment of the objectives.

    In order to measure and correct the performance of the plans must be carried out a basic control process, which consists of three basic stages:
    • Establishment of standards
    • Measure performance with standards
    • Correct variations in standards and plans.

    This will help determine the processes of each of the departments of the company and its impact on the plans.

    To help plan development tool counts as management information systems, these are distinguished from other systems in that they use the operational activities of the organization creating a good performance and a vital aid in decision making.

    Finally we can see that a company is not only ejecucucion processes for a particular purpose, otherwise there planning used to determine the direction of the company, which takes into account each of their resources and the effect these can bring to the course, we can also see that there are processes and tools that help to achieve better performance in the plans to achieve better business

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  3. Mobile apps

    The mobile apps are computer programs designed to run on smartphones, tablet computers and other mobile devices. Apps are available through application distribution platforms, such as the Apple App Store, Google Play, Windows Phone Store and BlackBerry App World. Some of these apps are free, while others you need to pay for them.

    Developing apps for mobile devices requires considering the constraints and features of these devices. Developers have to consider a wide array of screen sizes, hardware specifications and configurations because of intense competition in mobile software and changes within each of the platforms.

    As part of the development process, I think that mobile user interface design is essential in the creation of mobile apps. The users interact with their devices, and the interface includes components of both hardware and software. User input allows the users to manipulate a system, and device's output allows the system to indicate the effects of the users' manipulation.

    Some application distribution platforms are:
    • Amazon Appstore: is an alternate application store for the Android operating system. The Amazon Appstore's Android Apps can also run on BlackBerry 10 devices.
    • Apple's App Store: it is for iOS, and was the first app distribution service, which set the standard for app distribution services and continues to do so.
    • BlackBerry World: is the application store for BlackBerry 10 and BlackBerry OS devices.
    • Google Play: is an international online software store developed by Google for Android devices.
    • Windows Phone Store: was introduced by Microsoft for its Windows Phone platform, which was launched in October 2010.

    As a conclusion, mobile apps help to improve the smartphones functions. And it does not matter which operating system has your phone, actually there are many apps for every operating system. Examples of the most common apps are Facebook, Instagram, WhatsApp, Waze, Soundcloud, Twitter and many more.

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  4. Kind of Essay: Analytical
    Name: Jorge Ignacio Rodríguez Pacheco
    Topic: Internal Control

    The internal control comprises all the kind of controls that a company implements to achieve his goals and accomplish the organizational and enterprise regulations. This theme have become very important in these days because the competitive market and the high expectations of the clients, that request a service/good of quality and in a short time.

    The internal control has a strong relationship with the audit and accounting; these two fields search achieve the internal regulations, and the law and enterprise requirements, that regulatory agencies demand for the companies. In Costa Rica for example, Banco Central de Costa Rica and SUGEF are the institutes responsible for the evaluation of the financial companies that operates in our country.

    The internal control is a very important concern for the United States Government, because the tax frauds that occurs some years ago, resulting in the creation of the Sarbanes Oxley Act. The objective of this law is asses the internal control, that financial companies implement, with the objective of protect the customers' investment and avoid an economic crisis.

    Due to analysis done, it is important to highlight the impact of the ICT (Information Communication Technologies) in this field, due in this digital era, the companies have implanted internal control system to control and administrate the control of the company and improve the integrity and confidentiality of the information.

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  5. Internet

    From the beginning, there have always been forms of public communication, where people get their news, data, information, and more. In the past times, this information is usually only local, but as technology advances, it has also developed communication globally.

    Internet is an actual communication. This new technology has given to human world the only innovative, creative, effective and global platform, where people can communicate from different sites using the network and web applications, like the famous online chat, social networks, and others.

    As well as being a method of communication, the Internet has improved the quality of life for many people too, facilitating many tasks like science investigations and researches, business works, data analysis and services management.

    The number users is increasing every day and the man is increasingly dependent on it, because it facilitates many tasks, also offers us online entertainment. In the researches founded, demostrated that the future is a digital and a connection world thanks its easy access and a lot of benefits to humanity.

    In all, internet began as a form of communication for the human, nowaday adapting to today's technology, it has become a multi-purpose tool for anyone, making people increasingly dependent on him.

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  6. Internet

    The internet as we know it, didn’t come out all of a sudden, it was born thanks to years and years of investigation, from 1966 with ARPANET creation to 1991 when as we know it today the World Wide Web was created, or best known as www.

    There are few inventions that have change people’s life style as much as the internet has, to know this it’s enough by thinking: How would the world be without internet?, How would our everyday be? The internet didn’t just came to make communication easier between people, but to change the way we communicate, how we make business, and others.

    Internet has helped us having a globalized world, where making business with people from different parts of the world is as simple as making them with someone from our same country, overcoming boundaries that used to limit companies territorially. Journalism have experienced a huge advance, actually is very easy to know what’s going on in nearly every country in the world with just a pair of clicks, without having to move from our desks.

    But like everything, the internet has some bad applications like for instance scams, frauds, robbery of information, virus, etc. This are some ways that people with bad intentions have used the internet to hurt innocent people. This is why internet should be seen as a very useful tool that has to be use carefully.

    The internet use limit is unknown, since every day someone invents a new way to take advantage of this great tool, but it’s in every one of us to find the way to use it properly, without falling into traps

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  7. Virtualization
    Virtualization can provide benefits to a company. Virtualization technology is possibly the single most important issue in IT and has started a top to bottom overhaul of the computing industry. The growing awareness of the advantages provided by virtualization technology is brought about by economic factors of scarce resources, government regulation, and more competition.
    Virtualization is a combination of software and hardware engineering that creates Virtual Machines (VMs) - an abstraction of the computer hardware that allows a single machine to act as if it where many machines.
    Today's IT intensive enterprise must always be on the lookout for the latest technologies that allow businesses to run with fewer resources while providing the infrastructure to meet today and future customer needs. Utilizing Virtualization Technology is the cutting edge of enterprise information technology.
    As server workloads vary, virtualization provides the ability for virtual machines that are over utilizing the resources of a server to be moved to underutilized servers. This dynamic load balancing creates efficient utilization of server resources.
    Industry will continue to adopt virtualization for many reasons: collections of inefficient servers can be replaced with fewer machines; software can be tested while isolated in harmless virtual partitions; and data centers can gracefully conform to shifting work models, new technologies and changing corporate priorities

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  9. Kind of Essay: Descriptive
    Name: Leandro Ulloa Porras
    Business Intelligence
    Nowadays, in this globalization era, every organization, every business around the world, has been influencing in small or large parties, to use of technology to processing information, to meet a set of strategic objectives to achieve business goals such as mission o vision. Now, the technology are took an important role in managing information such as information assets of every Enterprise. This information can be translated as the core of an entity, with this asset all the operations of the company work on a day to day, for example in a supermarket company, its sales are based on the projection generated using historical product sales, lots, months of the year, seller, regions commissioning of the product, between such other terms. To talking about of these topic, this essay is focused into information systems within the use of technology to enhance the business productivity that feed in historial data and projections futures, in other words Business Intelligence Systems.
    What is that Business Intalligence?
    Basically it is a process of integration and data processing into information, allowing support decisions makers throughout the organization. In other words it is a set of methodologies, applications and technologies that are collecting, purifying and transforming data from transactional systems and unstructured information sources internal and external to the company, structured information, in order to exploit all information for reporting, OLAP analysis cubes by dimencionales etc or for analysis and conversion into knowledge support decision-making about the business.
    A system of business intelligence have a several components, which i will give a short description of each. The firts one component is the transactional Data Base, this is a the traditoinal model, it stores data from day to day business, one example for this component is the request for input purchases to a supplier. The seccond one is the Data WhereHouse, it is a repository of short data base, called data marts, each data mart, is composed by dimensions of transactional databases, for example, per unit of time, place, shops, vendors, etc. The interconexión around of these data marts, allowing to access the third one component, the Cube, and using Key Performance Indicator, allows to realise several queries in terms about time such as year, month, days, weeks, periods, semesters, etc, together a set of values of others data marts, vendedor id, type, age, historical age, etc. These queries gave the name of OLAP analysis, fourth componente. A example of these queries is the next "Number of branch sales south between October and August of this year, made by the seller XXXX ", Here is involved the data mart of time and place with the seller KPI sales quantity. Finally the last one component is the GUI of reports to decisions makers. The report can be included different types of chars, pie chart, bar chart, among others.
    It is important to consider, in the momento of disign a DataMart and the Datawherehouse, No design and structure conveniently and from a corporate standpoint and the DataWarehouse DataMarts generate problems that can condemn to failure any subsequent effort, as management information obtained directly from operational systems, uncoordinated DataMarts flourish in different departments, etc .
    Finally, a system of business intelligence, is a complex system of components, which together allow to taking a good decision, as it aims to analyze integrated information and mainly using a modeling structure information in a Cube, which , data such as averages, amount, total etc, are generated by one or more KPIs from the fact tables. The output more important of this system, is the OLAPs reports, there are diferents ways to show the information and the more clear information is, the greater the decision-making criteria.

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    Respuestas
    1. to use technology for processing...
      Now technology is taking an important role...
      A system of business intelligence has several componets
      The first component is...
      These queries are given the name of...

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  10. Kind of Essay: Argument
    Name: José Maria Rojas
    Topic: Database Management System

    A database is an organized collection of data. The organization of the data depends a lot of the designer and the model is using for. For modeling of the Database management system and create a logical, physical and conceptual model there are a lot of DBMS including Oracle and SQL what this topic focus in.

    There is a DB-Engine ranks database management system according to their popularity updated monthly by db-engines.com where 190 different kinds of DBMS are included evaluating his increase or decrease of popularity. In order this rank Oracle takes 1st position with a score of 1471.90 and Microsoft SQL Server 3rd with 1262.97 of score for the rank of October.

    However in the world of business have controversial opinion about which one is the best and have more choices for development and compatibility. In addition for know about the difference between both sides is necessary to know little more deeply. Oracle Database is produced and marketed by Oracle Corporation is an object-relational database management system which means this DBSM also support object-oriented database model: object, classes and others features. Microsoft SQL Server is a pure relational management system developed by Microsoft and market different editions.

    The part of makes difference between both is compatibility and usability. Microsoft which is well-known control almost all the computer system around the world and automatically if you get a DBSM by Microsoft you get a support easily and updates automatically. In contrast Oracle needs to play other role, Oracle also has a good support but don’t own any Operating System and depends of Microsoft platform which mean don’t get updates automatically in some development applications like visual Studio, but oracle got good documentation and good interphase making it higher usability than Microsoft does.

    To conclude about which DBSM is better is not about usability or compatibility. Is about of the company’s requirements for the DBMS because if also is important usability and compatibility is even more important know the best choice for adapt a solution because both offers different structures for modeling.

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    Respuestas
    1. However in the business world, there is a controversial opinion ...
      In addition, in order to know about the differences between both sides, it is necessary to go a little more deep.
      The part that makes the difference...
      To conclude... is not about ...(this idea is not clear)
      It is about the company´s requirements

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  11. Name: Julio Calderón Ramírez
    Topic: Cloud Computing

    What is Cloud Computing?, when we talk about cloud computing, we are going to talk about a new technology that research to have all our data in Internet and with the possibility that we don’t depend of a limit space of memory to store our information.
    The procedure of cloud computing is that we have all our information, other procedures, data, etc. and they are not in our device, they located inside de Internet, for this reason we call it cloud computing, because we have all our information in somewhere that is like a cloud, in this way we can access to our complete information without dependence of a big infrastructure or dependence of being in our home, we can access we can access from anywhere in the world.
    Cloud Computing consist in the possibility to offer services across to Internet, that can give us the possibility of many transactions across to Internet, like listen to music because one goal of this project is that we can have all our data in the cloud and we can open it without install a program in our device, so we can store all our music in the cloud and listen directly of the cloud with a player that is install in the cloud.
    Other example that we can use to descriptive what is cloud computing is the service of e-business or better known business across Internet, that explain a lot of possibilities for a new form to do transactions for an actual business, that is for example a flower store that they put their products in their own e-business page and other people access to that page and buy it in real time.
    Cloud computing is a technology that represent a lot of advantages like low cost for us to have a lot of information and access to that information, security because this system have a lot of secure with our information, we can work faster, etc. I think that this kind of technology is so useful for the humanity and in a few years it will be the most widely used technology, all information can be accessed from anywhere in the world and quickly, and information may also be shared in seconds with everyone.

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    Respuestas
    1. ... many transactions across the internet, like to listen to music...
      ... a player that is installed in the cloud.
      Another example that we can use to describe what cloud computing is has to do with the service... that explains a lot...
      Cloud computing is a technology that represents...

      Ok. Good!

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  12. Kind of Essay: Comparative
    Name: Marianne Cordero Jimenez
    Topic: Is Google more like Apple or Microsoft?

    Microsoft Corporation was founded in 1975, is a company dedicated to the design of software and operating systems created by Bill Gates and Paul Allen. Google started as a search engine called Backrub, founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin both graduates of Stanford University in 1998 and Steve Jobs founded Apple in 1976, which seeks simplicity in their designs.

    Google regarding these two companies have an advantage, is that have been founded after Apple and Microsoft can take the best of both worlds and make it yours, such as product design or aesthetic making them take reference of Microsoft products with excellent compatibility between devices, the drawback to the development of Google's Android to the names assigned to them to versions of their products confusing the Google user has a laboratory "Google X" where many develop their products as vehicles that can drive alone and Glass both Google have not come to market the latter could be worth $ 300 though.

    Google products have been developed with a few people at first then they started adhering employees as it grows each project, including the project sample maps, the corporation has this culture that has been the failure of some of the products, such as the social network Google Buzz improved takes the name of Google Plus, having that policy has its advantages since seeing the impact it has to do something small for a giant forces that not all fall on a single product.



    Apple has their orientation towards designs and for the operating system differs from microsoft and Google for its speed and error handling fast way, customer service wise it is very good support, which does not happen with Windows or Google .

    Google is the middle of the two companies as it has prices so comfortable, compatibility with different devices, high speed as Microsoft, design, simplicity and quality as Apple, you can check the latest projects developed that although they have not hit the market are already generating great expectations.

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    Respuestas
    1. ... it is a company that is dedicated...
      an advantage which is that it has been founded...
      Well done! Congrats!

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  14. Kind of Essay: Descriptive
    • Name: Ma. Mercedes Escalante Karr
    • Topic: Business Intelligence

    Internet has become the great invention of the XX century, it has affected the way everyone lives their lives and has become not only part of our day to day but fundamental for a large quantity of business. Nowadays is almost impossible to think a world without Internet, we use it for going on Facebook and chat with our friends or make appointments in restaurants or even work. Because so many people are accepting and using Internet as a very vivid part of their lives, business are increasing the methods to capture the information of the web. Business Intelligence (BI) is the next logical progression on management thinking about Technology Information (TI), it means leveraging information assets within key business process to achieve improved business performance. This essay will bring the insights of the application of BI in business and how is affecting the traditional procedures of management. Also I will describe the stages of a Datawarehouse, giving an overall idea of the use BI in the company.
    Many people think BI is about a product, a technology or a methodology but it isn’t, BI isn’t a product that can be bought and installed to solve all the problems the business has, also it isn’t just a technology or even a methodology that you can use without organizational changes. Instead, BI refers to the combination of products, technology and methods to organize key information that management need to improve profit and performance. It involves business information and analysis that are used within the context of key business process, support decisions and actions leading to improved business performance. Done right BI has a tremendous proven potential to improve profits and performance, done wrong it’s a waste of time and money.
    For example Western Digital uses BI to better manage its inventory, their supply chain, product life cycles, and customer relationships. BI enable the company to reduce operating costs by 50%. Another example is CompUSA who uses BI to bring insights about its sales trends, these project has earned a Return of Investment (ROI) of more than 6 million in the first phase.
    An essential element of BI is a datawarehouse (DW). The datawarehouse is a database that is theme oriented, non-volatile and persistent over time, this means that the datawarehouse keeps all historical data of some topic and allows users to take better decisions and more rapidly. The stages of implementing a datawarehouse are Operational Systems, ETL and presentation area. For the implementation of a DW first we need to talk with the stakeholders and the users of the system, that’s because managers think in terms of measures which is the key of making a good datawarehouse. Now we can begin a project of BI in our company.
    Then we need to take a look to the operational systems, which are the fuel to begin with our datawarehouse, we need to make decisions about consistency of the data and where how and what data is going to be extracted. Then we have to clean all the data and check the quality, because as I said before, the datawarehouse is a system that supports the decision making, we have to assure that the data is going to help managers. When we have all the data extracted and we verify the quality we can upload the information and notify the managers that can use the information to see different scenarios, like for example forecasted sales, sales by product by year, the impact of a marketing campaign, etc.
    With all the benefits that BI can bring to the company, such a decrease in the operational cost, a better decision making, successful marketing campaigns and obviously and increment in the profits is clear that more business are using BI to understand better the market, and their clients. So as long we have data over the internet more companies are going to use BI to see the benefits, so we can say these is only starting and BI has a bright future.

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  15. Name: Javier Andrés Rojas Monge
    Paragraph: Descriptive
    Topic: Data Mining

    Data mining is an interdisciplinary subfield of computer science where its computational process is to discover new patterns in large data sets involving methods at the intersection of artificial intelligence, machine learning, statistics, and database systems. It analyses data from different perspectives and summarize it into useful information that can be used to increase revenue, cut costs or both.
    It is used by companies with strong consumer focus, financial, communication, and marketing organizations. Data mining enables the companies to determine relationships among factors. It also enables to drill down into summary information to view detail transactional data.
    Walmart is one of the biggest companies that use data mining to transform its supplier relationship. They capture point of sale transactions from over 2,900 stores in 6 countries and continuously transmits this data to its massive data warehouse.
    The process of Data Mining consist of five major elements: First of all, the information is extracted, transformed and load onto the data warehouse system. Next, the information is stored and managed in multidimensional database systems. Then, the companies give access to the information technology professionals and the business analysts to analyze the data and present it in a useful format such as tables o graphs.
    Is well known that data mining is very used now a days by the biggest companies in the world because it gives them tools to know and predict the preferences of the people in the different markets, so corporations are able to make new products to fill people’s needs.

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  17. Kind of Essay: Comparing and Contrasting
    Name: William Rodriguez Vasquez
    Topic: A comparison between the operating systems: Linux vs. Windows.

    The Operating systems are a set of programs that control the hardware and software of electronic devices. Some example are computers, tablets, cell phones, vehicles, etc. There are many operating systems and depends on the device where it is installed. The most popular operating systems for computers are Linux and Windows.

    Linux is an operating system of open source, based on UNIX. Its main creator was Linus Torvalds in 1991. The most popular Linux distributions are Ubuntu, RedHat, Fedora, SUSE, Debian and others. Windows is an operating system developed by Microsoft Windows, the first version called Windows was release in 1985, and this is proprietary code. There are many versions of Windows are 95, 98, NT, 2000, XP, Vista, 7, 8, 10.

    The main advantages of Linux are:
    • Very safe
    • Stable
    • Resistant to malware
    • Freeware
    • It is the most used servers.
    • Total freedom of the user.
    • Compatible with many devices including tablets, computers, cell phones and others.

    The main advantages of Windows are:
    • It is very user friendly
    • Very compatible with computers.
    • One of the most used in homes.
    • It has direct support
    • You can install variety of software.

    The most common disadvantages of Linux are:
    • Lacks direct support.
    • Less user friendly.
    • Slow learning
    • Complicated Installation

    Disadvantages of windows are:
    • Vulnerable to viruses.
    • Has errors over time
    • will be charged
    • Many patches.
    • Limited to the type of license.

    Finally, in this comparison it can be see that both operating systems have their pros and cons, and it is the user who must evaluate which of them gives you more benefits. I use both operating systems and use them for different tasks. It is best to try both and give a criterion.


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  18. ... it can be seen that...
    Well done!
    Congrats!

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