~An English-Zone.Com Page~
ACTIVE AND
PASSIVE TENSES CHART
|
SIMPLE PRESENT, SIMPLE PAST and SIMPLE FUTURE
The active object becomes the passive subject.
am/is/are + past participle
was/were + past participle
will + be + past participle
is/are going to be + past participle
|
||
Simple Present Active:
The movie fascinates
me.
The movie bores
Jack.
The movie surprises
them.
|
Simple Present Passive:
I am fascinated
by the movie.
Jack is bored
by the movie.
They are surprised
by the movie.
|
|
Simple Past Active:
The movie bored
me.
The movie fascinated
Jack.
The movie surprised
them.
|
Simple Past Passive:
I was bored
by the movie.
Jack was fascinated
by the movie.
They were surprised
by the movie.
|
|
Future with WILL Active:
I will mail the
gift.
Jack will mail the gifts. |
Future with WILL Passive:
The gift will be
mailed by me.
The gifts will be mailed by Jack. |
|
Future with GOING TO Active:
I am going to make
the cake.
Sue is going to make two cakes. |
Future with GOING TO Passive:
The cake is going to be
made by me.
Two cakes are going to be made by Sue. |
|
PRESENT and PAST CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE)
Passive form: am/is/are + being + past participle was/were + being + past participle |
||
Present Continuous Active:
I am helping
Shannon.
June is helping Su and Ling. |
Present Continuous Passive:
Shannon is being helped
by me.
Su and Ling are being helped by June. |
|
Past Continuous Active:
I was cleaning the
bathroom.
They were cleaning the bedroom. Susan was cleaning the kitchen and patio. |
Past Continuous Passive:
The bathroom was being
cleaned by me.
The bedroom was being cleaned by them. The kitchen and patio were being cleaned by Susan. |
|
PRESENT PERFECT, PAST PERFECT and FUTURE PERFECT
Passive form: have/has been + past participle had been + past participle |
||
Present Perfect Active:
I have mailed the
postcard.
Jason has mailed
the postcards.
|
Present Perfect Passive:
The postcard has been
mailed by me.
The postcards
have been mailed by Jack.
|
|
Past Perfect Active:
Steven Spielberg had
directed the movie.
Penny Marshall had directed those movies. |
Past Perfect Passive:
The movie had
been directed by Steven Spielberg.
The movies had been directed by Penny Marshall. |
|
Future Perfect Active:
John will have
finished the project next month.
They will have finished the projects before then. |
Future Perfect Passive:
The project will have
beenfinished by next month.
The projects will have been finished before then. |
|
PRESENT/FUTURE MODALS
The passive form follows this pattern:
modal
+ be + past participle
|
||
WILL / WON'T (WILL NOT) Active:
Sharon will invite
Tom to the party.
Sharon won't invite
Jeff to the party.
(Sharon will not
invite Jeff to the party.)
|
WILL / WON'T (WILL NOT) Passive:
Tom will be invited
to the party by Sharon.
Jeff won't be
invited to the party by Sharon.
(Jeff will not
be invited to the party by Sharon.)
|
|
CAN / CAN'T (CAN NOT) Active:
Mai can foretell
the future.
Terry can't foretell
the future.
(Terry can not
foretell the future.)
|
CAN / CAN'T (CAN NOT) Passive:
The future can be foretold
by Mai.
The future can't be
foretold by Terry.
(The future can not be
foretold by Terry.)
|
|
MAY / MAY NOT and
MIGHT / MIGHT NOT Active:
That company may offer
Katya a new contract.
That company might
offer Katya a new contract.
The lazy students may
not do the homework.
The lazy students might
not do the homework.
|
MAY / MAY NOT and
MIGHT / MIGHT NOT Passive:
Katya may be offered
a new contract.
Katya might be offered a new contract.
The homework may not
bedone by the lazy students.
The homework might not be done by the lazy students. |
|
SHOULD / SHOULDN'T Active:
Students should
memorize English verbs.
Children shouldn't smoke cigarettes.
|
SHOULD / SHOULDN'T Passive:
English verbs should
be memorized by students.
Cigarettes shouldn't
be smoked by children.
|
|
OUGHT TO Active:
Students ought to
learn English verbs.
(negative ought to is rarely used)
|
OUGHT TO Passive:
English verbs ought to
bememorized by students.
(negative ought to is rarely used)
|
|
HAD BETTER / HAD BETTER NOT Active:
Students had better
practice English every day.
Children had better not
drink whiskey.
|
HAD BETTER / HAD BETTER NOT Passive:
English had better be
practiced every day by students.
Whiskey had better not
be drunk by children.
|
|
MUST / MUST NOT Active:
Tourists must apply
for a passport to travel.
Customers must not use
that door.
|
MUST / MUST NOT Passive:
A passport to
travel must be applied for.
That door must not be
used by customers.
|
|
HAS TO / DOESN'T HAVE TO and
HAVE TO / DON'T HAVE TO Active:
She has to practice
English every day.
Maria doesn't have to
clean her bedroom every day.
Sara and Miho have to
wash the dishes every day.
The kids don't have to
clean their bedrooms every day.
|
HAS TO / DOESN'T HAVE TO and
HAVE TO / DON'T HAVE TO Passive:
English has to
be practiced every day.
Her bedroom doesn't
have to be cleaned every day.
The dishes have to be
washed by them every day.
Their bedrooms don't
have to be cleaned every day.
|
|
BE SUPPOSED TO Active:
I am supposed to type
the composition.
I am not supposed to
copy the stories in the book.
Janet is supposed to
clean the living room.
She isn't supposed to
eat candy and gum.
Frank and Jane are
supposed to make tonight's dinner.
They aren't supposed to make dessert. |
BE SUPPOSED TO Passive:
The composition is
supposed to be typed by me.
The stories in the book are
not supposed to be copied.
The living room is
supposed to be cleaned by Janet.
Candy and gum aren't
supposed to be eaten by her.
Tonight's dinner is
supposed to be made by them.
Dessert isn't supposed
to be made by them.
|
|
PAST MODALS
The past passive form follows this pattern:
modal + have been + past participle
|
||
SHOULD HAVE / SHOULDN'T HAVE Active:
The students should have
learned the verbs.
The kids shouldn't
have broken the window.
|
SHOULD HAVE / SHOULDN'T HAVE Passive:
The verbs should have
been learned by the students.
The window shouldn't
have been broken by the kids.
|
|
OUGHT TO Active:
Students ought to have
learned the verbs.
(negative ought to is rarely used)
|
OUGHT TO Passive:
The verbs ought to
have been learned by the students.
(negative ought to is rarely used)
|
|
BE SUPPOSED TO Active:
I was supposed to type
the composition.
I wasn't supposed to
copythe story in the book.
Janet was supposed to
clean the living room.
She wasn't supposed to
eat candy and gum.
Frank and Jane were
supposed to make dinner.
They weren't supposed
to make dessert.
|
BE SUPPOSED TO Passive:
The composition was
supposed to be typed.
The story in the book wasn't
supposed to be copied.
The living room was
supposed to be cleaned by Janet.
Candy and gum weren't
supposed to be eaten by her.
Dinner was supposed to
be made by them.
Dessert wasn't
supposed to be made by them.
|
|
MAY / MAY NOT and
MIGHT / MIGHT NOT Active:
That firm may have
offered Katya a new job.
That firm might have
offered Katya a new job.
The students may not
have written the paper.
The students might not
have written the paper.
|
MAY / MAY NOT and
MIGHT / MIGHT NOT Passive:
Katya may have been
offered a new job by that firm.
Katya might have been offered a new job by that firm.
The paper may not have
been written by the students.
The paper might not
have been written by the students.
|
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario